United Kingdom held a referendum on 23 June 2016, seeking public opinion on its withdrawal from the European Union (EU). 51.9% of the voters opted for it and subsequently, the United Kingdom invoked the Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, which allows any member state to exit the union. This move by UK has been termed Brexit

It initiated a two-year process which was supposed to conclude with the UK's exit on 29 March 2019 but this deadline has since been extended to 31 October 2019.

Subsequently, David Cameron, the then Prime Minister of United Kingdom resigned on 24 June 2016 and less than a month later, on 13 July 2016, Theresa May assumed office as the Prime Minister.

Early this year, on 15 January, a vote was held on Withdrawal Agreement in the UK House of Commons, wherein the UK government was defeated.

Another vote was held on 12 March, which saw the same result.

After this, the UK Government passed a motion to extend the Article 50 period and the European Council offered to extend the Article 50 period until 22 May 2019 under the condition that the Withdrawal Agreement is passed by 29 March 2019; failing which, the UK was given a deadline of 12 April 2019 to show a way forward.

On 29 March 2019, a third vote was held where the UK government was defeated again, following which, Theresa May requested EU on 5 April 2019 for a second time, to extend the Article 50 period until 30 June 2019. 

On 10 April 2019, EU extended it to 31 October 2019 or the first day of the month after that in which the Withdrawal Agreement is passed, whichever comes first.

Following this, on May 24, Theresa May announced her resignation as the Prime Minister and as the leader of the Conservative Party, effective from June 7, having repeatedly failed to finalise Brexit.

Later, on July 24, Boris Johnson became the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, making him the third PM since the referendum.

On October 17, The UK and European Commission agreed on a new withdrawal agreement containing a revised protocol on Northern Ireland.

On October 24, the British government introduced the EU (Withdrawal Agreement) Bill in the House of Commons with the long title "A Bill to Implement, and make other provision in connection with, the agreement between the United Kingdom and the EU under Article 50(2) of the Treaty on European Union which sets out the arrangements for the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU".

The EU is now waiting for UK to finalise it before the deadline.

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